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What is the problem with pulseaudio and HDMI output?

Hi,

I've just got a HDMI cable for my GeForce GTX 660 and tried using it for the first time. I fond that video works with just plugging it in but audio doesn't work at all well. Plugging the cable in I had an option for HDA NVidia Digital Stereo (HDMI) for output in sound settings. However selecting this doesn't produce sound.

I did some searching and found a number of posts suggesting various fixes. One of these suggested aplay -l to get a list of devices:

Code:

$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: SB [HDA ATI SB], device 0: ALC892 Analog [ALC892 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: SB [HDA ATI SB], device 1: ALC892 Digital [ALC892 Digital]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

Trying outputting to each these with aplay -D playhw=1,3 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Left.wav - where 1,3 is card 1 and device 3 - produced an output for 1,7.

I found another suggestion to put an line in /etc/pulse/default.pa

Code:

load-module module-alsa-sink device=plughw:1,7
Which gives me another output device in sound settings HDA NVidia and this one produces sound when selected for output in Sound Settings but unfortunately is now the default output when - as is normally the case - HDMI is not in use.

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So i found posts about this going back for a few years, what is the problem exactly? Why is pulse audio not behaving in a sensible way? How can we get it fixed?

---------- Post added at 05:22 PM ---------- Previous post was at 04:47 PM ----------

Here's a link to the method described in my post on the Arch Wiki. It links:

ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/gp..._in_pulseaudio

Which says:

Quote:

However, on systems that contain more than one possible HDMI output on a given audio card (i.e. most GPUs), PulseAudio only displays a single HDMI output in the list. This is due to the "under-enumeration” problem mentioned earlier. Some people will be lucky, and find this output is the correct one for them (it’s for logical stream ID 0, physical stream ID 3).
Quote:

11.1. Under-Enumeration of HDMI Devices

PulseAudio only creates a device for the first HDMI output of a given sound card. This means HDMI audio can only be used via PulseAudio if your monitor just happens to be connected to the first active stream on your GPU. This is often not the case. In a mailing list conversation, it was agreed in principle that this needs to be fixed, but no fix is yet in place. See the trouble-shooting section below for methods to work around this issue.
Here's a link to the archive of that conversation.

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